You just need to write in terminal command:
wine uninstaller
This command will start an Add/Remove applet similar to what you get in Windows, which will list your installed WINE programs.
Select program and press button “Uninstall”.
It was very simple 😉
To set default browser in Debian or Ubuntu open terminal and write command:
sudo update-alternatives --config x-www-browser
As you can see, we have four alternatives of browsers, installed in operating system, just enter number of browser and press Enter.
There are there types of file permissions in Linux:
1. Owner permissions
2. Group permissions
3. Other permissions
Also you can set permissions for read, write and execute file for this three groups.
To set correct permissions for all files and folders in currend folder use command:
find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 644 find . -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 750
This commands will grant readm write, execute access for owner, read access for group and block all access for other users.
If you wand to grant access to files and folders for other users use commands:
find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 665 find . -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 751
To install GPG on your Debian/Ubuntu/Mint Linux operating system use command:
sudo apt-get install gpg
Default GPG folder is: /home/user/.gnupg. Generate private and public keys:
gpg --full-gen-key
Answer the several questions (encryption type: RSA, keysize: 4096 for better encryption, key expiration time, your name and email address) and press “O” if all changes are correct.
To view public keys use command:
gpg -k
To view secret gpg keys use command:
gpg -K
To run Windows programs in Linux we use Wine. But how to open any file with exe program using Wine? For example we have 1.txt file. To run this file with notepad.exe use command:
wine "/home/user/notepad.exe" 1.txt
To associate some type of files with EXE program we can use shell script:
#!/bin/sh QUICKPARLOCATION="/home/user/Notepad.exe" PARAM=`winepath -w "$*" 2>/dev/null` wine "$QUICKPARLOCATION" "$PARAM" & exit 0
Put this file in /home/user/bin directory. Open file properties and in field “Open with” select Notepad.sh script:
The official WineHQ repository has a set of standard Wine packages that you can download and install on your system. Please follow these steps to do so:
Run the following command in the Terminal for adding i386 architecture before installing a 64-bit version of Wine:
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386Next add the WineHQ signing key:
wget -qO- https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/Release.key | sudo apt-key add -
Then run this command to import the other key for the WineHQ Repository:
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv F987672F
Now run the following command in order to add the relevant repository from the WineHQ:
sudo apt-add-repository 'deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ bionic main'
Next update the Ubuntu package lists with the command:
sudo apt-get update
Now we can install latest stable version of Wine in Ubuntu or Linux Mint operating system:
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-stable
Sometimes if server is shutdown incorrect filesystem filesystem can be corrupted and loaded in “read only” mode.
To check file system status use command:
mount | grep /dev/sd
This command show filesystem status, if filesystem is read only – you will see “ro” status: /dev/sda2 on / type ext4 (ro,readonly,data=ordered)
To fix filesystem use command:
fsck /dev/sda2
This command will fix all errors on filesystem, To apply fix enter y on keybord. When fixing is complete reboot system and check filesystem again.
First install SNMP package:
sudo apt-get install snmp
To use SNMP in PHP install php-snmp extention:
sudo apt-get install -y php-snmp
Get SNMP information from router user command:
snmpwalk -v2c -Cc -c public 192.168.1.1 > out.txt
This command will get all SNMP information from router 192.168.1.1 and save it into file out.txt
Now let’s create file index.php and write code that will get all MAC addresses from BDCOM P3310 OLT. To get all MAC addresses use OID: iso.3.6.1.2.1.17.7.1.2.2.1.1. In PHP file create function SnmpGet:
function SnmpGet($host, $community, $object_id){
exec("snmpwalk -v2c -Cc -c ".$community." ".$host." ".$object_id, $snmpWalkReturn);
foreach($snmpWalkReturn as $value){
$oid = explode("=", $value);
$walk[trim($oid[0])] = trim($oid[1]);
}
return $walk;
}
Put SNMP result in variable $MacResult:
$MacResult = snmprealwalk2($hostname, $community, "iso.3.6.1.2.1.17.7.1.2.2.1.1");
In cycle foreach go through all elements and remove unnecessary data:
if(count($MacResult)){
foreach($MacResult as $Item => $Value)
{
$Oid = str_replace("iso.3.6.1.2.1.17.7.1.2.2.1.1.", "", $Item);
$Mac = str_replace("Hex-STRING: ", "", $Value);
if(!strpos($Mac, "STRING:")){
echo $Mac.' | '.$Oid;
}
}
}
Similarly get EPON interface id from OID: iso.3.6.1.2.1.17.7.1.2.2.1.2
1 .Download Arch Linux ISO from official site: https://www.archlinux.org/download/
2. Create Live USB of Arch Linux using Etcher GUI tool:
Or You can use Rufus in Windows:
Once you have created a liveUSB for Arch Linux, restart your PC and boot from USB. While booting press Delete, F2, F10 or F12 key to go into boot menu.
3. Create partition.
Use the command fdisk to show and create partitions on your system:
fdisk -l
If you have old partitions on your disk, you can delete them all using command:
wipefs -a /dev/sda
Be careful! This command destroy all data on your hard drive.
Select the disk you are going to partition:
fdisk /dev/sda
Enter n – to create new partition, then program ask you to choose a disk number, enter 1, and then enter first and last block of dist (press Enter for default).
4. Create root partition. To format root partition use command:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
5. Install Arch Linux
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
Use pacstrap script to install all necessary packages:
pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware vim nano mc
Generate a fstab file to define how disk partition, block devices or remote file systems are mounted into the filesystem.
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
Use arch-chroot and set the mounted disk as root. Now Arch Linux is installed on the disk.
arch-chroot /mnt
6. Setting up timezone
timedatectl list-timezones timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Kiev
7. Setting up Locale
locale-gen echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
8. Network configuration
echo name > /etc/hostname touch /etc/hosts
To create md5 checksum of all files in folder use command:
md5sum /etc/*
This comment will show all md5 checksum in /etc directory:
To write this checksum in text document use command:
md5sum /etc/* >> /file.txt
To compare checksum of files in folder with checksum of files in text document use command:
md5sum -c /file.txt
If checksums match, near the file will be record “Success”, it means that the file has not changed. Otherwise it means that the file was edited by someone.
To check your system, regularly create checksum files for directories: /etc, /bin, /sbin, / lib
Use md5sub recursive in sub-directories
If You want to create md5 checksum of all files in all sub-directories use next command, it will create md5 checksum of all files in /etc directory:
find -type f -exec md5sum '{}' \; > md5sum.txt