Author: admin

Step 1: Install Nginx

Firstly install the prerequisites:

sudo apt install curl gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release

Then we need to add the Nginx mainline package to our repository so that when we run apt install nginx, we will download the mainline version instead of the old stable version.

echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian `lsb_release -cs` nginx" 
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

Next we need to download the signing key so that we can verify its authenticity

curl -fsSL https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | sudo apt-key add -

If it prints out OK! then you are good to go!

Now update package repositories and install Nginx:

sudo apt update

sudo apt install nginx

That’s it! You have now installed the latest release of Nginx on Debian 10. You should now start it!

sudo systemctl start nginx.service

And Don’t forget to make it automatically start on system boot as well.

sudo systemctl enable nginx.service

Step 2: Install PHP 7.4

To install PHP 7.4 we need to add repository. Since PHP 7.4 didn’t come with Debian 10 it is required to add the following repository. Write this commands:

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

Update package repositories:

sudo apt update

And now install PHP 7.4:

sudo apt install php7.4-fpm php7.4-common php7.4-mysql php7.4-gmp php7.4-curl php7.4-intl php7.4-mbstring php7.4-xmlrpc php7.4-gd php7.4-xml php7.4-cli php7.4-zip php7.4-soap php7.4-imap

It is recommended to raise the memory limit to improve the overall performance. Your PHP configuration is located in /etc/php/7.4/fpm/php.ini.

sudo vim /etc/php/7.4/fpm/php.ini

Replace it with memory_limit = 256 and save document with :wq command. How to edit files in text editor Vim you can read here: How to exit Vim? And other required commands.

Step 3: Configure Nginx

Add nginx to www-data group

sudo usermod -a -G www-data nginx

Change owner of directory to www-data

sudo chown -R www-data /usr/share/nginx/html

Go into your default.conf file

sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

Replace your existing configuration file with the one below

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index  index.php index.html index.htm;

   location / {
    if ($request_uri ~ ^/(.*)\.html$) {
        return 302 /$1;
        }
    }

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
        location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        fastcgi_pass   unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }

}

Restart Nginx server:

service nginx restart

Now you can cteate test file fith information about PHP version:

nano /usr/share/nginx/html/phpinfo.php

phpinfo();

In Web-browser write IP address of server:
http://192.168.1.1/phpinfo.php

That’s all Nginx Server with PHP 7.4 installed.

Monit is a free open source utility for managing and monitoring, processes, files, directories and filesystems on a UNIX system. Monit conducts automatic maintenance and repair and can execute meaningful causal actions in error situations.

To install Monit on Debian 10 GNU Linux (Buster) you need to add backports repository:

printf "%s\n" "deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian buster-backports main" | \
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/buster-backports.list

Then update package list:

sudo apt update

And install buster-backports and monit package:

sudo apt install -t buster-backports monit

To start monit service and show running status use commands:

sudo systemctl start monit
sudo systemctl status monit

If you want to enable auto start monit when system starts use command:

sudo systemctl enable monit

Now let’s configure monit to monitoring Apache2 and Nginx services. Open monit configuration file:

sudo vim /etc/monit/monitrc

To change monitoring interval change option:

set daemon 120

To send email if monitored services is down edit this options:

set mailserver your.mail.server
set alert your.mail.address

You can enable Web-interface where you can view information about monitoring services. By default monit starts on 2812 port. Enable this two lines and change administrator password:

set httpd port 2812 and
allow admin:monit # require user 'admin' with password 'monit'

Don’t forget to open port 2812 in firewall and restart monit service:

sudo systemctl restart monit

Now open http://your-site.com:2812 and see monit web interface:

If you want to monitor some custom services on your server go to /etc/monit/conf-available and copy that configuration files to /etc/monit/conf.d: